Thor marvel character biography creator

Marvel Comics fictional character

"Thor Odinson" redirects here. For justness film character, see Thor (Marvel Cinematic Universe).

Comics character

Thor Odinson report a superhero appearing in Denizen comic books published by Comics, based on the divinity from Old Norse religion alight mythology, Thor (Þórr).

Created exceed artist Jack Kirby, writer Stan Lee, and scripter Larry Lieber, the character first appeared cry Journey into Mystery #83 (1962) and first received his common title with Thor #126 (1966). Thor is an adaptation be fitting of the deity of the identical name from Norse mythology, added many aspects of Thor's variety are based on his fabled counterpart.

Comic books featuring Thor have been published across a number of volumes since the character's intro.

Thor is one of honesty gods of Asgard and distinction son of the Asgardian energetic Odin. In addition to ruler Asgardian strength and extended lifetime, Thor wields control over significance weather, including rain and tornado.

He also carries the happy hammer Mjolnir, that enhances jurisdiction abilities and grants him description ability to fly. Thor was first introduced as the alternate ego of surgeon Donald Blake, who acquired Thor's power, which was later revealed to cast doubt on a fabrication by Thor's curate. Thor has since assumed blemish human identities and sometimes ruled as king of Asgard.

Thor's cast of supporting characters includes his fellow Asgardians Odin, Sif, The Warriors Three, and Baldr the Brave, as well kind other allies such as Jane Foster, Beta Ray Bill, topmost Hercules. Thor's arch-nemesis is surmount adoptive brother Loki. Thor obey a founding member of grandeur superhero team the Avengers, status has played a significant function in Marvel crossover events, together with Avengers Disassembled (2004), Siege (2010), Fear Itself (2011) and "The War of the Realms" (2019).

Chris Hemsworth portrays the detailed adaptation of Thor in righteousness Marvel Cinematic Universe, first appearance in Thor (2011).

Publication history

Further information: List of Thor titles

Creation and premiere

Thor was created unresponsive to Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, weather Larry Lieber.

After initially trade the character, Lee gave decency project to his brother Lieber to write the stories. Kirby developed Thor's visual design, gleam he had an interest flowerbed ancient mythology that lent strike to the character's creation stake design. Bulfinch's Mythology was tattered as a reference during Thor's creation. As superhero comics became more popular, Marvel began pop up again its previous comic book shape with superheroes.

Thor first emerged in Journey into Mystery #83 (1962). Like other superheroes begeted at the time, Thor sham a comic book anthology saunter had previously been dedicated stop with monster fiction. Thor arose circumvent Lee's desire to create marvellous superhero who was more vigorous than Hulk or the Cool Four.

Lee in 2002 asserted Thor's genesis early in rendering Marvel pantheon, following the in-thing of the Hulk:

[H]ow quickly you make someone stronger ahead of the strongest person? It in the end came to me: Don't build him human — make him a god. I decided readers were already pretty familiar implements the Greek and Roman balcony.

It might be fun in the neighborhood of delve into the old Norse legends... Besides, I pictured Norse gods looking like Vikings outline old, with the flowing beards, horned helmets, and battle clubs.  ...Journey into Mystery needed dexterous shot in the arm, ergo I picked Thor ... turn to headline the book. After poetry an outline depicting the maverick and the characters I challenging in mind, I asked dejected brother, Larry, to write distinction script because I didn't accept time.

...and it was natural for me to hand over the penciling to Jack Kirby...

The idea for adapting Thor trade in a superhero was first handsome when Lee and Kirby heard of Marvel being discussed gorilla "twentieth-century mythology".

Biography curst kim soo hyun

Thor was well-suited to be recreated chimpanzee a superhero, as the legendary character already had an means supporting cast, superpowers, and peaceloving of justice. At the interval Thor was created, there were approximately 15 million Scandinavian Americans, and the United States abstruse a general cultural awareness glimpse historical Scandinavian culture through content 2 of Vikings and Leif Erikson.

A previous adaptation of Thor had first appeared in Venus #11 (November 1950),^[10] published hunk what is now Marvel Comics. Kirby had previously adapted Thor for DC Comics in Adventure Comics #75 (1942), Boy Commandos #7 (1944), Tales of significance Unexpected #16 (1957).

1960s

Shortly after Thor premiered, Lieber moved on strip other projects, and Thor was given to other writers.

Diversified artists worked on Thor tidy his first issues, including Bonus Heck and Joe Sinnott. Leeward soon took over writing duties for several Marvel superhero awards, as the writers did groan meet his expectations, and noteworthy became the writer for Thor beginning in Journey into Mystery #97 (1963). Kirby became grandeur artist shortly afterward, beginning lure Journey into Mystery #101 (1964).

When Marvel's distributor allowed them go into detail monthly releases, The Avengers was developed as a new ludicrous book series.

Thor was make-believe as an inaugural member a mixture of the titular superhero team. Get by without 1965, the difficulty of conservation continuity between The Avengers abstruse the titles of the unconventiona characters prompted Lee to inscribe the original cast out detail The Avengers, including Thor.

Lee actualized a second series that centred on Norse mythology, "Tales promote Asgard".

First appearing in Journey into Mystery #97 (1963), that series focused on Thor's fabled adventures and greatly expanded reward roster of supporting characters, containing Sif, Balder the Brave, be proof against the Warriors Three.Journey into Mystery was eventually renamed to Thor, beginning with Thor #126 (1966).

This marked a significant walk in Thor's characterization: the chief setting was moved from Bald to Asgard, Thor's love bring round Jane Foster was written set free of the story in support of Sif, and Hercules became a major character. "Tales farm animals Asgard" continued until Thor #145 (1967). The character's backstory was changed in Thor #159 (1968), when it was revealed drift Thor was the actual allegorical Thor rather than a subject who obtained Thor's power take that his secret identity catch Donald Blake was a manufacturing created by Odin to guide him humility.

As Kirby's enquiry on Thor came to upshot end, the setting shifted quaff to Earth and Jane Forward was reintroduced.

1970s–1990s

Kirby stayed on restructuring Thor's artist until Thor #179 (1970). Lee eventually ceded seize of the titles he afflicted on to other writers, dispatch Thor was given to Gerry Conway, who at the interval was a teenager.

John stomach Sal Buscema were the artists for this run. After Conway gave up the series, managing editor Len Wein took over reorganization its writer. After returning theorist the Avengers, Thor was reassess removed in Avengers #151 (1976) because writer Steve Englehart reputed that Thor was too well-built for the group.

Fan recoil ensued, and the subsequent litt‚rateur, Jim Shooter, returned him hurtle the team in Avengers #159 (1977).

In the mid-1970s, Marvel accounted giving the character a subsequent series as part of steep company Magazine Management's line show evidence of black-and-white comics magazines. A chart written by Steve Englehart divulge the aborted project appeared discern Thor Annual #5 (1976).

Doug Moench wrote for Thor from 1981 to 1983.

This run was poorly received, which Moench argued was due to the provisions imposed by editor Mark Gruenwald.Walter Simonson subsequently took over description series, revitalizing it and developing sales. Simonson's run was greatly regarded by critics, and vehicle included several major milestones blessed Thor's history, including "The Surtur Saga", "Skurge's Last Stand", "Mjolnir's Song", and "The Ballad comprehensive Beta Ray Bill".

His debut of Beta Ray Bill shifted the dynamic of Thor weight a second character who Odin recognized as worthy of Thor's power. In the 1990s, Episode briefly supplemented its main superheroes with more violent anti-hero versions. During this time, Thor was replaced with Eric Masterson.

During character Heroes Reborn event, many fend for Marvel's superheroes were given unique volumes, restarted at issue #1, but Thor's series was plead for renewed.

A new volume rot Thor instead launched during illustriousness subsequent Heroes Return event. That volume was written by Dan Jurgens and drawn by Toilet Romita Jr.. To humanize Thor, he was again bound harm a mortal to humanize him, this time giving him picture alter-ego of paramedic Jake Olson.

21st century

The subsequent period of Marvel's history reflected the political disturbance that followed the September 11 attacks and the War tattle Terror.

For Thor, this active becoming the king of Asgard, giving him political power put off he abused. An alternate repel of the Avengers, the Ultimates, debuted in 2002 as gallop of the Ultimate Marvel stigmatisation that re-imagined Marvel characters dainty an alternative universe. This universe's version of Thor has primacy same powers, but he keep to a pacifist and it equitable left unclear whether he remains truly a god or inwardly unstable.

Thor volume two ended engage a tie in to honourableness Avengers Disassembled storyline that adage major changes to Marvel's continue characters.

Issues #80–85 (2004) perceive the events of Ragnarök owing to the story's primary setting, Asgard, is destroyed. This story bend was written by Michael County Oeming and drawn by Andrea Di Vito. A third manual of Thor began publication value 2007, written by J. Archangel Straczynski and drawn by Thespian Coipel. This volume began prep between addressing the ramifications of Avengers Disassembled and slowly reintroducing Thor's supporting characters.

Thor was expand a central character in description Siege event in 2010, which featured Marvel's cast of superheroes defending Asgard from Norman Osborn.

To coincide with the Thor coat, Marvel launched a number assess new series starring the impulse in mid-2010. These included Thor: The Mighty Avenger by Roger Langridge and Chris Samnee,Thor: Foremost Thunder by Bryan J.

Applause. Glass and Tan Eng Huat,Thor: For Asgard by Robert Rodi and Simone Bianchi, and Iron Man/Thor by the writing combination of Dan Abnett and Arch Lanning. The limited series Thor: The Mighty Avenger was available across eight issues from 2010 to 2011, following Thor set a date for his earlier years as top-hole less serious, family friendly picture of the character.

This lean-to was written by Roger Langridge and drawn by Chris Samnee, and was met with heavy praise.

The next Thor series, Thor: God of Thunder, began textbook in 2012 during the Gape at Now! relaunch. This run was written by Jason Aaron lecture drawn by Esad Ribic. Interpretation first eleven issues followed Thor, accompanied by an elderly Thor from the future and uncomplicated young Thor from the antecedent, battling Gorr the God Exterminate.

In the 2010s, Marvel began substituting its main characters in opposition to a new diverse cast glimpse characters. Thor was replaced through Jane Foster as part apparent this trend during the 2014 Original Sin story arc, wallet she became the main natural feeling in the Thor franchise. Dignity original Thor was called Loftiness Odinson during this period, captain he starred in a disjoin series, The Unworthy Thor, graphic by Aaron and drawn fail to see Olivier Coipel.Thor was relaunched joint Marvel's Fresh Start branding, calm written by Aaron, restoring Picture Odinson as Thor and salient up to "The War have power over the Realms" (2019).

A new mass of Thor began publication blot 2020, written by Donny Cates and drawn by Nic Mathematician, which follows Thor as righteousness ruler of Asgard.

The following series, The Immortal Thor, premiered in 2023.

Characterization

Fictional character biography

Thor was born to Odin, the embarrassing of Asgard, and Gaea, depiction Earth goddess. He was next raised by Odin's wife, Frigga, believing her to be cap mother. As Thor comes snatch age, Odin gifts him spruce up magic hammer, Mjolnir, which attempt enchanted so that only rectitude worthy may lift it.

Thor had existed in a anterior form more reminiscent of position mythological Thor, but he was eventually reincarnated as a additional version. In the past, Thor fought alongside the Vikings, on the contrary he condemned them after information bank attack on a Christian monastery.

Deeming him too arrogant, Odin banishes Thor to modern day Field with no memory of rule Asgardian origins, giving him loftiness identity of Donald Blake.

By reason of Blake, Thor visits Scandinavia turn he stumbles upon a uninspired stick, which he discovers glance at turn into Mjolnir and furnish him the powers of Thor. In a plot to vanquish Thor, Loki provokes the Clod into attacking a train. Eventually Loki is successful in engaging Thor out, he is attended by Iron Man, Ant-Man, trip Wasp.

After defeating Loki, primacy heroes come together as skilful superhero team, forming the Avengers. Odin eventually restores Thor gorilla an Asgardian, revealing that Painter was a persona that subside had invented for Thor. Considering that Thor is defeated by Chenopodiaceae Ray Bill, Odin transfers integrity ability to transform into Poet from Thor to Beta Flash Bill.

To continue living betwixt mortals, Thor takes the reputation Sigurd Jarlson and becomes well-organized construction worker. Odin later binds Thor to the mortal Eric Masterson to save Masteron's will. Thor is exiled for superficially killing Loki, but Masterson retains the powers of Thor folk tale becomes the superhero Thunderstrike.

During goodness Onslaught attack, Thor is twofold of the heroes who review transported to an alternate amplitude by Franklin Richards, but they are soon returned.

Thor not bad again bound to a temporal, this time to Jake Olson, but this connection too hype severed. When Odin seemingly dies, Thor becomes the king additional Asgard. To cure humanity's forestall, he relocates Asgard above Soil and takes control of living soul affairs to give them unsophisticated energy, healthcare, and economic good fortune.

The extent of the tangle and the resulting loss carry liberties cause strife within Asgard and resentment from humanity. That leads to military conflict digress destroys Asgard and New Royalty City. Such is Thor's presumption that he finds himself not able to lift Mjolnir. He leftovers steadfast, consolidating his power concluded Earth for many years heretofore he remorsefully goes back stop in full flow time to prevent himself escape seizing power over Earth.

As Ragnarök begins, Thor learns that representation Asgardians undergo an endless course of death and rebirth amount Ragnarök, enforced by higher beings.

To break the cycle, Thor destroys the tapestry of goodness Three Fates, reincarnating the Asgardians as mortals. In the lacuna, a clone of Thor evaluation created by the pro-registration troop during the civil war in the middle of superheroes. While in the paradise, Thor once again binds yourself to Blake to resurrect actually, and creates a new Asgard floating over Oklahoma, gathering say publicly Asgardians who had been reincarnated as mortals.

When Loki resurrects Thor's grandfather, Bor, Bor goes into a berserker state become peaceful Thor is forced to administer the coup de grвce him. As Bor was probity rightful king of Asgard repute his resurrection, Thor is banish for regicide. While banished, Thor seeks out Sif, who was still lost from the injure of the Asgardians.

After Golfer Osborn seizes power in birth United States, he orders distinctive attack on the new Asgard, and Thor returns to dominion home. Though Asgard is exterminated and Loki is killed sustenance coming to Thor's aid, Thor ends the attack and fulfil banishment is commuted. After Thor discovers that Loki has anachronistic reborn as a child fine-tune no memories, they reunite considerably brothers.

Odin's brother Serpent returns with the addition of wages war on Earth.

Thor fights and defeats Serpent, sacrificing his own life. Kid Loki seeks out Blake to revive Thor. Thor then faces Gorr the God Butcher and teams with a younger and public housing older version of himself focus on defeat Gorr. Gorr's condemnation objection the gods shakes Thor's last word, and he finds himself unqualified to lift Mjolnir.

The beat is taken by Thor's fixed Jane Foster, who temporarily becomes the new Thor before heady his confidence and returning authority role to him. When Malekith the Accursed wages the Fighting of the Realms, Thor sacrifices his eye in exchange set out the wisdom to defeat him, and Thor then reunites engross his past and future selves as well as Foster's Thor to win the battle.

Like that which Galactus arrives to warn compensation the Black Winter, he imbues Thor with the Power Immense and enlists him as grand herald, only for Thor tutorial use the power to execute him.

Personality and themes

As with innumerable Marvel superheroes, Thor was actualized as a flawed character.

Filth is conflicted between his dwell on of moral purity and cap pride, and his father Odin seeks to teach him diffidence. For his arrogance, he was forced by Odin to animate as a mortal, and Thor's experience with humanity provides rulership character growth.

When Thor was rule created, he was an lockout to Marvel's real world form to storytelling, emphasizing the eccentric over current events and fresh social issues.

As he became more connected to the Be agog Universe, social commentary became repair common. Thor was also only of several Marvel characters who underwent physical transformation to go over with a fine-too different aspects of his club together, transforming between the mortal Donald Blake and the immortal Thor.

Thor finds himself split between Asgard and Earth, having an measure life and loyalty to both.

Though he is an Asgardian, he was born to Gaia, the Earth goddess, and soil is imbued with an essential connection to Earth. While let go is bound to Dr. Painter, Thor holds significant responsibilities cloudless both realms, and he esteem often forced to choose betwixt his role as a queen and as a surgeon. Writers have intentionally sought to disappointed Earth-centric and Asgard-centric stories predict keep the character interesting.

Thor has a distinct manner of diction, inspired by the King Outlaw Version of the Bible stake by the work of William Shakespeare.

The extent of that style and how it bash implemented has changed between writers. Thor's origin as a Norse god has allowed for devout themes to be invoked comprise the character. He is further reminiscent of the Vikings discipline invokes positive aspects of their image, but he has unwanted the brutality associated with Norse raids.

Powers, abilities, and equipment

Thor job one of the gods most recent Asgard, granting him exceptional implementation, durability, and endurance.

Though whoop fully immortal, Asgardians have enormous lifespans and are immune indicate disease. Until Thor ended birth Ragnarok cycle, the Asgardians went through an endless series wink deaths and reincarnations. Among nobility Asgardians, Thor is one endowment the most powerful. He possesses superhuman strength, and centuries oust combat have trained him because a proficient warrior.

Thor testing also educated in human surgery from his experience as Poet, who was a surgeon.

Thor wields an enchanted hammer, Mjolnir, which is crafted from the invented metal uru, making it all but indestructible. Wielding it grants him control over wind, rain, bellow, and lightning, amplifying his pure control over the weather.

Noteworthy can use the hammer fight back fly by throwing it encouragement the air and grabbing leadership leather strap to pull yourselves off the ground. The striker also allows Thor to journeys between dimensions, moving him amidst Earth and Asgard. Mjolnir high opinion enchanted so that it can only be lifted by those who are worthy. Another incantation causes it to always answer to its wielder when fearful.

It previously gave Thor probity ability to travel through delay, but it has since lacking this power. When Thor transforms into a human, Mjolnir takes the guise of a boring stick that he can interrupt to transform back into Thor. During these times, being isolated from the hammer for 60 seconds reverts him back problem his human form.

Besides his thump, Thor possesses a magic sector that doubles his strength, nevertheless it drains him of forcefulness and he uses it matchless sparingly.

He also owns a-ok set of uru armor take a pair of iron gauntlets. When traveling with passengers figurative cargo as a consideration, Thor uses a chariot pulled in and out of his two magic goats, Toothgnasher and Toothgrinder.

Supporting characters

Main articles: Listing of Thor supporting characters, Endow with of Thor enemies, and Vote versions of Thor

Thor's supporting endorsement includes the gods of Asgard: his father is the Asgardian king Odin, he was associates with Balder the Brave thanks to childhood, and the Warriors Span sometimes accompany him.

Thor quite good romantically involved with Sif, swell fellow Asgardian. When Thor was banished to Earth as Dr. Blake, he met the angel of mercy Jane Foster. Both Thor submit his alter-ego Blake developed tidy up attraction to Foster, creating fine love triangle. When Thor requited to Asgard, he reunited get used to Sif. Thor's relationship with Submit has been the subject be more or less disagreement between Thor and sovereign father.Hercules of the Greek pantheon was initially introduced as top-hole rival to Thor, but probity two eventually became allies.

Chenopodiaceae Ray Bill became an dawdle of Thor after proving coronate worthiness and receiving a give a hiding of his own from Odin, Stormbreaker. On Earth, Thor problem allied with the Avengers, see which he is a establishment member.

Thor's nemesis is his stepbrother Loki. As Thor is class heir to Asgard's throne, Loki envies Thor and engages huddle together plots to seize power keep away Asgard for himself.

Thor unceremoniously fights mythological creatures such because trolls and giants. Besides consummate supernatural opponents, Thor also fights human groups such as agents of the Soviet Union. On the subject of major villains include Surtur, Crone, Executioner, Hela, Malekith the Demonic, Ulik, Mangog, the Destroyer, Turn, Ymir, Laufey, Fafnir, Perrikus, Gorr the God Butcher, the Midgard Serpent, Kurse, the Wrecking Group, Ragnarok, and Galactus.

Other characters plot taken the title of Thor, including Jane Foster, Beta Bedlam Bill, Eric Masterson, Volstagg, existing Storm.

The Marvel Multiverse complexion many variants of Thor, containing Ultimate Thor in the Maximum Universe, Thor 2099 in Marvel 2099, Throg the Frog claim Thunder, and King Thor hold up the future.Wonder Woman of DC Comics wielded Thor's power subsequently lifting Mjolnir in the 1996 miniseries DC vs. Marvel.

Reception put forward legacy

According to Martin Arnold, Thor's existence as a comic notebook superhero has moved the text of Norse mythology from buoy up culture to low culture, roving it away from both lecturer reputation as an academic beeswax and its association with Monolithic iconography.

Although the direct aptness of Marvel's Thor to excellence mythological Thor is limited, Marvel's Thor is a prominent imitation of Norse mythology in well-received culture and represents an chronicle point for the understanding look up to Norse folklore in modern era. The character created a Ordinal century American audience for Norse myth that expanded significantly what because Marvel's Thor was adapted teach film.

Thor has appeared among birth top five in several hierarchal lists of greatest Avengers noting.

Kirby had intended to succeed Thor and his cast staff characters with a new pantheon of deities; this idea was nixed by Lee, but authorization eventually became the New Gods and Fourth World stories put off Kirby created for DC Comics. Thor influenced the comic volume Black Hammer, which features assorted homages to the character.

In attention to detail media

Main article: Thor (Marvel Comics) in other media

Thor was leading adapted in The Marvel Foreman Heroes, an animated television broadcast, in 1966.

Thor has because appeared in various animated telly programs featuring Marvel characters, primate a main character in get-up casts and through guest proprieties in other Marvel properties. Glory character also stars in rectitude animated direct-to-video film Thor: Tales of Asgard.^[96]

A live action exercise of Thor appears in The Incredible Hulk Returns (1988), describe by Eric Allan Kramer.

That version of Thor was ostensible for its own spin-off, on the other hand this was not seen knock together due to the ongoing writers strike and concerns about rank character's design. A Thor dusting was set for production corresponding Universal Pictures in 1981, however it was one of very many planned Marvel projects that were not produced.

Lee also accusatory a Thor film to Scoundrel Studios, but it was shriek accepted.

Chris Hemsworth portrays an modification of Thor in the Happening Cinematic Universe, appearing in Thor (2011), The Avengers (2012), Thor: The Dark World (2013), Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015), Doctor Strange (2016), Thor: Ragnarok (2017), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), Avengers: Endgame (2019), and Thor: Attraction and Thunder (2022).

This repel of Thor was introduced makeover a member of a technologically advanced alien race, placing bad emphasis on the character's creativity origins. Hemsworth also portrayed Thor in the animated series What If...? and in the Team Thor short films.

Thor is featured in two video games: Thor: God of Thunder and Thor: Son of Asgard.

He likewise appears in several other tape games that feature rosters relief Marvel characters.

Collected editions

Notes

References

Books

• Arnold, Martin (2011). "Thor in America: From Poet to Lee". Thor: Myth capable Marvel. A&C Black. ISBN .
• Birkett, Lie (2018).

  The Norse Myths: Parabolical of the Norse Gods promote Heroes Vividly Retold. Quercus. ISBN .

• Blumberg, Arnold T. (2016). "The Complete of the First Marvel Pack Universe". In McEniry, Matthew J.; Peaslee, Robert Moses; Weiner, Parliamentarian G. (eds.). Marvel Comics reach Film: Essays on Adaptations On account of the 1940s.

  McFarland & Theatre group. ISBN .

• Borenstein, Eliot (2023). Marvel Comics in the 1970s: The Replica inside Your Head. Cornell Academia Press. ISBN .
• Costello, Matthew J. (2009). Secret Identity Crisis: Comic Books and the Unmasking of Freezing War America.

  Bloomsbury Publishing Army. ISBN .

• Dalton, Russell W. (2011). Marvelous Myths: Marvel Superheroes and Daily Faith. Chalice Press. ISBN .
• Darowski, Patriarch J. (2014). The Ages prop up the Avengers: Essays on glory Earth's Mightiest Heroes in Unvarying Times. McFarland & Company.

  ISBN .

  • Gibbard, Nathan. "Madonna's Birth and God's Death". In Darowski (2014).
  • O'Rourke, Pirate B. "The Ultimates as Superheroes in the Age of Communal Media and Celebrity". In Darowski (2014).
  • Sacks, Jason. "Earth's Mightiest (Dysfunctional) Family". In Darowski (2014).
• Fentiman, Painter, ed.

  (2019). Marvel Encyclopedia (New ed.). DK Publishing. ISBN .

• Friedenthal, Andrew Document. (2021). The World of Wonder at Comics. Routledge. ISBN .
• Gilbert, Laura, be concerned. (2008). Marvel Chronicle: A Assemblage By Year History. DK Announcing.

  ISBN .

• Hill, James (2020). "The Asgardians: Death and Rebirth". Marvel Knowledge and Legends: The Epic Early stages of Thor, the Eternals, Jet-black Panther, and the Marvel Universe. DK Publishing. ISBN .
• Horton, Ian; Wear, Maggie (2022). Art History confirm Comics: Past, Present and Possible Futures.

  Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN .

• Howe, Sean (2012). Marvel Comics: The Unnumbered Story. Harper Collins. ISBN .
• Lee, Stan; Mair, George (2002). Excelsior!: Honourableness Amazing Life of Stan Lee. Fireside Books. ISBN .
• Mills, Anthony (2013). American Theology, Superhero Comics, captain Cinema: The Marvel of Stan Lee and the Revolution look up to a Genre.

  Routledge. ISBN .

• Mitchell, Writer A. (2023). Old Norse Folklore. Cornell University Press. ISBN .
• Wright, Printer W. (2001). Comic Book Nation: The Transformation of Youth People in America. JHU Press. ISBN .
• Youngquist, Jeff; Grünwald, Jennifer, eds. (2006).

  "Thor". Marvel Legacy: The Decennary Handbook. Marvel Comics.

Periodicals

• McLauchlin, Jim (April 1998). "Rolling Thunder". Wizard. No. 80. pp. 50–56.
• Middleton, Brian (2002). Morrow, Toilet (ed.). "Journey Into Unusual Tales". Jack Kirby Collector.

  No. 36. TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 13.

• Morrow, John (2002). "Somewhere Over the Rainbow Bridge". Jack Kirby Collector. No. 36. TwoMorrows Announcing. pp. 2–3.
• Peñalosa, David (February 1997). Sunrise, John (ed.). "The Journey Cosmic". Jack Kirby Collector. No. 14. TwoMorrows Publishing.

  pp. 4–7.

Web

• Atchison, Drew (2021-05-06). "17 Best Thor Villains From Picture Comics, Ranked Lamest To Coolest". Screen Rant. Retrieved 2024-01-08.
• Bacon, Socialist (2020-05-23). "Wonder Woman Becomes THOR IN Marvel/DC Crossover Art". ScreenRant. Retrieved 2024-07-08.
• Bricken, Rob (2015-02-26).

  "Every Member Of The Avengers, Ranked". Gizmodo. Retrieved 2022-11-15.

• Bucksbaum, Sydney (2021-09-21). "Meet 'Party Thor' in Marvel's 'What If...?' episode 7 chief look". EW.com. Retrieved 2024-01-06.
• Chin, Book (2022-07-06). "The Evolution of Thor, Marvel's Mainstay". The Ringer.

  Retrieved 2024-01-06.

• Cronin, Brian (2013-07-12). "Comic Publication Legends Revealed #427". Comic Paperback Resources. Retrieved 2024-01-09.
• Dyce, Andrew (2019-06-26). "Thor Just Ended Marvel's Outstanding War EVER - With [SPOILER]". Screen Rant. Retrieved 2024-01-09.