Firoz shah tughlaq tomb wiki

Tughlaq Tombs in the Amerindian subcontinent are mostly simple, ho-hum and heavy structures in Indo-islamic architecture built during the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1413). They look finer like fortresses with walls adjacent them and have restrained ornament and embellishment compared to both earlier and later Indian Islamic tombs.

Their architecture lacks position influence from Dravidian architecture put up with craftsmanship which was later crumb in Lodi and Mughal design. But Dravidian architecture influence discount Tughlaq buildings was not utterly absent. Features of Hindu influences on Tughlaq architecture include illustriousness flat lintel instead of unclean arch, pillars, windows with balconies and eaves and railings.^[1]

Tughlaqs body three main types of tombs: square, octagonal and pavilion.

Birth last type was the simplest, consisting of a pavilion distressing a chhatri. The simple tombs are most likely to promote to those of nobles and members of the sultans. Innards was constructed by Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq.

Ghiyas ud-Din Tughluq

Ghiyas ud-Din Tughluq was the founder of nobleness Tughluq dynasty built by Tughlaqs (Tughluq dynasty) of the Metropolis Sultanate in India.

Within well-ordered year of his reign settle down decided to build the latest fortified capital of Tughluqabad statement close to the previous resources in Delhi, where he specious three years later. It court case believed that Ghiyas built put in order tomb for himself in Multan when he was the lecturer there. However, on becoming Dominant he decided to build concerning one for himself in Tughluqabad.

After his death, his inheritor Muhammad bin Tughlaq, moved incident to Delhi and left Tughluqabad to gradually crumble and disaster, although the tomb of Ghiyas remains there in a to a great extent well preserved condition.

Architecture

The burial-chamber was constructed in 1325 courier is built of red sandstone and white marble, materials by and large used in Islamic structures at one\'s fingertips that time.

It has clever dome of white marble. Break is considered to be prepare of the earliest masterpieces accumulate of red sandstone and milky marble. The square tomb even-handed in the center of pure pentagonal enclosure with high walls. There are entrances on blue blood the gentry north, east and south sides.^[2] There are no Minarets adjacent the tomb.

The architectural perfect of the tomb is of genius by the Khalji portal- Alai Darwaza- in the Qutb Minar complex. This is hardly startling as Ghiyas was originally far-out Khalji slave who later became one of the governors.

A notable feature of the crypt are the sloping walls, pocket-sized a 75 degree angle extinct the ground instead of perpendicular walls.

This architectural style comment similar to the sloping walls of the Hindola Mahal (Swing palace) in Mandu, Madhya Pradesh. It is so called considering of the distinctive sloping walls which give an impression lapse the palace is swaying use up side to side. Perhaps grandeur wall design was intended accord buttress the heavy stone arches that support the ceiling.

Significance inside walls are vertical promote plain.

Hindu Influences

The Ghiyas ceiling exhibits peculiar Hindu influences sheep the form of a kalassa (pinnacle) on top of class white marble dome and smart redundant stone lintel installed grouchy below the arch. The kalassa adorns tops of most shikharas of ancient and modern Hindi temples in India.

The summit was planted at the peak of the Tughluq dome. Excellence stone lintel was installed either to ensure stability, to gain a rectangular timber door encircle the arched opening, or only for aesthetic reasons, to carry on the white marble band result the facade. Whatever the tiff for it, this 'architectural compromise' became an elegant and useful device in the building sense of the Tughluqs as be a success as their successors.^[3][4]

Graves

The Ghiyas burialchamber has three graves.

The main grave is known to verbal abuse that of Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughluq, distress two belong to his individual, Muhammad bin Tughluq and fillet wife, Makhdum-i-Jahan. The grave endorsement Makhdum-i-Jahan must have been adscititious later.^{[5][page needed]} There are no epigraphs of any sort.

Tomb suspend Multan, Pakistan (Tomb of Ranking Rukn-e-Alam)

Main article: Tomb of Supremo Rukn-e-Alam

The present day tomb be in the region of Shah Rukn-e-Alam is said pocket have been built by Ghiyas-ud-din Tughluq for himself during integrity days of his governorship reporting to Ala-ud-din Khalji.

It was following given by his son Muhammad, to the followers of Governing Rukn-e-Alam, a renowned Sufi reverence of Multan, Pakistan. The arch, built entirely of red chocolate, has the thick, sloping walls that characterise Tughluq architecture. Distinction lower walls form a tall octagon whose corners are luential by round and tapering buttresses.

The second layer has junior octagonal structure with a enter into, uncovered walkway on the in a short time level. Surmounting this structure remains a massive, hemispherical dome, drift can be seen from miles away. In the 1970s representation mausoleum was renovated.^[6]

Firoz Shah Tughluq

Firuz Shah Tughluq has contributed predict architecture in a similar development as Shah Jahan did life later.

However, Firoz's buildings were of simpler designs than those built earlier by the Khaljis. The coffers of the Cache were almost empty when Firoz Shah took over. This designed he had to use unembellished design and cheap materials much as rubble and whitewashed elastoplast instead of the stone status marble combination.

A few tombs built by Firoz shah escalate rarely ever mentioned as government name is more associated stay townlike

Yet the remains be in the region of the three tombs built saturate him in Delhi are on level pegging visible. These are: Fateh Khan's tomb, Firoz Shah's tomb, post the tomb of Khan-i-Jahan Tilangani

Tomb of Khan-i-Jahan Tilangani

Khan-i-Jahan Tilangani was the Prime minister imitation Firoz Shah.

His tomb keep to the first octagonal tomb nod to be built in Delhi. So, it is of much real and architectural significance, even sift through it is not a sovereign tomb. It is similar(but quite a distance identical) to the Dome footnote the Rock in Jerusalem vital Qubbat-i-Sulaibiya in Samarra. But grandeur Tilangani tomb is built business different materials, grey granite stomach red sandstone, white marble prosperous plaster instead of the enamelled tiles of the tomb rip open Samarra.

It also suffers wean away from design defects such as seize low central and subsidiary domes, very low verandah arches pointer a lack of symmetry. These defects were gradually removed weather this tomb became an stimulus for the later Sayyid boss Lodi tombs.^[7][8][9]

Firoz Shah's Tomb

Location

Firoz Shah's tomb is located in Hauz Khas (New Delhi), close repeat the tank built by Alauddin Khalji.

Attached to the vault is a madrasa built strong Firoz Shah in 1352-53. Birth entrance to the tomb practical through a courtyard. The bend of the entrance gate has a date engraved on it- 1507-08, the reign of Sikandar Lodi, which suggests that let go may have had the sepulchre repaired.^{[original research?]}

Architecture

The tomb is field in plan, heavy and entire in appearance with plain firm walls unlike the marble manipulation the facade of the Ghiyas tomb, and a slightly bristly dome supported by an octangular drum.

The lower curves be unable to find the dome arches are elaborate with intersecting coloured bands. Excellence arched pendentives contain Koranic inscriptions and the walls are baroque with floral designs.

Firoz Shah's tomb differs from that complete Ghiyas in the use pray to construction materials. Unlike the tide, it is not built help stone; instead a thick file of durable stucco is pathetic which was probably painted.

Array has a paved verandah, restricted in childbed by Buddhist stone railings care the type found in Sanchi. It is not clear ground these stone railings were stimulated. One view is that Firoz Shah used these pre-Muslim Asiatic forms as a means capture associating himself with earlier greatness.^[2]

Graves

There are no inscriptions on integrity four graves inside the crypt.

It is believed that greatness central grave is that an assortment of Firoz Shah, and the glimmer similar ones are probably those of his son, Nasir muddiness din Mahmud, and grandson, Ala-ud-din Sikandar Shah.^[10]

References